Introduction
Le but de cet exercice est :
- De montrer les commandes R permettant de réaliser une Analayse Factorielle des Correspondances (AFC) sous R
- D’apprendre à interpréter les résultats de cette AFC
- De compléter l’analyse par une Classification Ascendante Hiérarchique sur les axes de l’AFC.
En préalable à cet exercice il est indispensable d’avoir bien maîtrisé les fondements théoriques des deux méthodes d’AFC et de CAH en métrique du chi-2. Ces enseignements n’étant pas détaillé sur le présent site, nous recommandons de se reporter au MOOC de cours de François Husson en suivant les liens suivants
DONNEES
On charge un tableau décrivant le nombre de personnes parlant une langue ou un groupe de langues en 2002. Les chiffres sont exprimés en milliers et les valeurs arrondies.
Tableau de données original
| BJ01 |
Alibori |
16 |
0 |
10 |
177 |
94 |
5 |
0 |
214 |
5 |
| BJ02 |
Atacora |
27 |
0 |
16 |
280 |
38 |
143 |
5 |
33 |
5 |
| BJ03 |
Atlantique |
489 |
56 |
80 |
40 |
32 |
24 |
16 |
32 |
32 |
| BJ04 |
Borgou |
51 |
7 |
58 |
275 |
210 |
29 |
14 |
65 |
14 |
| BJ05 |
Collines |
150 |
11 |
273 |
0 |
32 |
27 |
27 |
0 |
16 |
| BJ06 |
Couffo |
52 |
441 |
26 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| BJ07 |
Donga |
18 |
0 |
11 |
21 |
35 |
0 |
112 |
151 |
4 |
| BJ08 |
Littoral |
319 |
40 |
120 |
53 |
20 |
27 |
7 |
33 |
47 |
| BJ09 |
Mono |
76 |
227 |
22 |
4 |
18 |
4 |
0 |
4 |
7 |
| BJ10 |
Oueme |
519 |
22 |
110 |
0 |
29 |
22 |
0 |
7 |
22 |
| BJ11 |
Plateau |
85 |
28 |
273 |
0 |
12 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| BJ12 |
Zou |
546 |
24 |
18 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
Source : Amadou Sanni, 2002
Tableau de contingence (Nij)
On crée un tableau de contingence formant une matrice, c’est-à-dire que l’on ne garde que les variables quantitatives dont on peut effectuer les totaux en ligne et en colonnes.
Tableau de contingence (Nij)
| Alibori |
16 |
0 |
10 |
177 |
94 |
5 |
0 |
214 |
5 |
521 |
| Atacora |
27 |
0 |
16 |
280 |
38 |
143 |
5 |
33 |
5 |
547 |
| Atlantique |
489 |
56 |
80 |
40 |
32 |
24 |
16 |
32 |
32 |
801 |
| Borgou |
51 |
7 |
58 |
275 |
210 |
29 |
14 |
65 |
14 |
723 |
| Collines |
150 |
11 |
273 |
0 |
32 |
27 |
27 |
0 |
16 |
536 |
| Couffo |
52 |
441 |
26 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
524 |
| Donga |
18 |
0 |
11 |
21 |
35 |
0 |
112 |
151 |
4 |
352 |
| Littoral |
319 |
40 |
120 |
53 |
20 |
27 |
7 |
33 |
47 |
666 |
| Mono |
76 |
227 |
22 |
4 |
18 |
4 |
0 |
4 |
7 |
362 |
| Oueme |
519 |
22 |
110 |
0 |
29 |
22 |
0 |
7 |
22 |
731 |
| Plateau |
85 |
28 |
273 |
0 |
12 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
406 |
| Zou |
546 |
24 |
18 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
600 |
| Sum |
2348 |
856 |
1017 |
850 |
531 |
289 |
181 |
539 |
158 |
6769 |
Profils en ligne (Nij/Ni.)
On crée un tableau de profils en ligne :
Profils en ligne (Nij/Ni.) en %
| Alibori |
3.1 |
0.0 |
1.9 |
34.0 |
18.0 |
1.0 |
0.0 |
41.1 |
1.0 |
100 |
| Atacora |
4.9 |
0.0 |
2.9 |
51.2 |
6.9 |
26.1 |
0.9 |
6.0 |
0.9 |
100 |
| Atlantique |
61.0 |
7.0 |
10.0 |
5.0 |
4.0 |
3.0 |
2.0 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
100 |
| Borgou |
7.1 |
1.0 |
8.0 |
38.0 |
29.0 |
4.0 |
1.9 |
9.0 |
1.9 |
100 |
| Collines |
28.0 |
2.1 |
50.9 |
0.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
0.0 |
3.0 |
100 |
| Couffo |
9.9 |
84.2 |
5.0 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
100 |
| Donga |
5.1 |
0.0 |
3.1 |
6.0 |
9.9 |
0.0 |
31.8 |
42.9 |
1.1 |
100 |
| Littoral |
47.9 |
6.0 |
18.0 |
8.0 |
3.0 |
4.1 |
1.1 |
5.0 |
7.1 |
100 |
| Mono |
21.0 |
62.7 |
6.1 |
1.1 |
5.0 |
1.1 |
0.0 |
1.1 |
1.9 |
100 |
| Oueme |
71.0 |
3.0 |
15.0 |
0.0 |
4.0 |
3.0 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
3.0 |
100 |
| Plateau |
20.9 |
6.9 |
67.2 |
0.0 |
3.0 |
2.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
100 |
| Zou |
91.0 |
4.0 |
3.0 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
100 |
Profils en colonne (Nij/N.j)
On crée un tableau de profils en colonne :
Profils en colonnes (Nij/N.j) en %
| Alibori |
0.7 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
20.8 |
17.7 |
1.7 |
0.0 |
39.7 |
3.2 |
| Atacora |
1.1 |
0.0 |
1.6 |
32.9 |
7.2 |
49.5 |
2.8 |
6.1 |
3.2 |
| Atlantique |
20.8 |
6.5 |
7.9 |
4.7 |
6.0 |
8.3 |
8.8 |
5.9 |
20.3 |
| Borgou |
2.2 |
0.8 |
5.7 |
32.4 |
39.5 |
10.0 |
7.7 |
12.1 |
8.9 |
| Collines |
6.4 |
1.3 |
26.8 |
0.0 |
6.0 |
9.3 |
14.9 |
0.0 |
10.1 |
| Couffo |
2.2 |
51.5 |
2.6 |
0.0 |
0.9 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
| Donga |
0.8 |
0.0 |
1.1 |
2.5 |
6.6 |
0.0 |
61.9 |
28.0 |
2.5 |
| Littoral |
13.6 |
4.7 |
11.8 |
6.2 |
3.8 |
9.3 |
3.9 |
6.1 |
29.7 |
| Mono |
3.2 |
26.5 |
2.2 |
0.5 |
3.4 |
1.4 |
0.0 |
0.7 |
4.4 |
| Oueme |
22.1 |
2.6 |
10.8 |
0.0 |
5.5 |
7.6 |
0.0 |
1.3 |
13.9 |
| Plateau |
3.6 |
3.3 |
26.8 |
0.0 |
2.3 |
2.8 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
| Zou |
23.3 |
2.8 |
1.8 |
0.0 |
1.1 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
3.8 |
| Sum |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
Profil total (Nij/N..)
On crée un tableau de profils en colonne :
Part du total (Nij/N..) en %
| Alibori |
0.2 |
0.0 |
0.1 |
2.6 |
1.4 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
3.2 |
0.1 |
7.7 |
| Atacora |
0.4 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
4.1 |
0.6 |
2.1 |
0.1 |
0.5 |
0.1 |
8.1 |
| Atlantique |
7.2 |
0.8 |
1.2 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
11.8 |
| Borgou |
0.8 |
0.1 |
0.9 |
4.1 |
3.1 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
1.0 |
0.2 |
10.7 |
| Collines |
2.2 |
0.2 |
4.0 |
0.0 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
7.9 |
| Couffo |
0.8 |
6.5 |
0.4 |
0.0 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
7.7 |
| Donga |
0.3 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
1.7 |
2.2 |
0.1 |
5.2 |
| Littoral |
4.7 |
0.6 |
1.8 |
0.8 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.1 |
0.5 |
0.7 |
9.8 |
| Mono |
1.1 |
3.4 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
5.3 |
| Oueme |
7.7 |
0.3 |
1.6 |
0.0 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.0 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
10.8 |
| Plateau |
1.3 |
0.4 |
4.0 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
6.0 |
| Zou |
8.1 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.0 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.1 |
8.9 |
| Sum |
34.7 |
12.6 |
15.0 |
12.6 |
7.8 |
4.3 |
2.7 |
8.0 |
2.3 |
100.0 |
TEST DU CHI-2
Le tableau étant un tableau de contingence, on peut effectuer sur celui-ci un test du chi-2.
Pearson's Chi-squared test
data: tab
X-squared = 12332, df = 88, p-value < 2.2e-16
Valeurs théoriques
Valeurs théoriques N*ij = (Nij x N.j) /N..
| Alibori |
180.7 |
65.9 |
78.3 |
65.4 |
40.9 |
22.2 |
13.9 |
41.5 |
12.2 |
521 |
| Atacora |
189.7 |
69.2 |
82.2 |
68.7 |
42.9 |
23.4 |
14.6 |
43.6 |
12.8 |
547 |
| Atlantique |
277.8 |
101.3 |
120.3 |
100.6 |
62.8 |
34.2 |
21.4 |
63.8 |
18.7 |
801 |
| Borgou |
250.8 |
91.4 |
108.6 |
90.8 |
56.7 |
30.9 |
19.3 |
57.6 |
16.9 |
723 |
| Collines |
185.9 |
67.8 |
80.5 |
67.3 |
42.0 |
22.9 |
14.3 |
42.7 |
12.5 |
536 |
| Couffo |
181.8 |
66.3 |
78.7 |
65.8 |
41.1 |
22.4 |
14.0 |
41.7 |
12.2 |
524 |
| Donga |
122.1 |
44.5 |
52.9 |
44.2 |
27.6 |
15.0 |
9.4 |
28.0 |
8.2 |
352 |
| Littoral |
231.0 |
84.2 |
100.1 |
83.6 |
52.2 |
28.4 |
17.8 |
53.0 |
15.5 |
666 |
| Mono |
125.6 |
45.8 |
54.4 |
45.5 |
28.4 |
15.5 |
9.7 |
28.8 |
8.4 |
362 |
| Oueme |
253.6 |
92.4 |
109.8 |
91.8 |
57.3 |
31.2 |
19.5 |
58.2 |
17.1 |
731 |
| Plateau |
140.8 |
51.3 |
61.0 |
51.0 |
31.8 |
17.3 |
10.9 |
32.3 |
9.5 |
406 |
| Zou |
208.1 |
75.9 |
90.1 |
75.3 |
47.1 |
25.6 |
16.0 |
47.8 |
14.0 |
600 |
| Sum |
2348.0 |
856.0 |
1017.0 |
850.0 |
531.0 |
289.0 |
181.0 |
539.0 |
158.0 |
6769 |
Résidus absolus
Résidus absolus (Nij - N*ij)
| Alibori |
-164.7 |
-65.9 |
-68.3 |
111.6 |
53.1 |
-17.2 |
-13.9 |
172.5 |
-7.2 |
0 |
| Atacora |
-162.7 |
-69.2 |
-66.2 |
211.3 |
-4.9 |
119.6 |
-9.6 |
-10.6 |
-7.8 |
0 |
| Atlantique |
211.2 |
-45.3 |
-40.3 |
-60.6 |
-30.8 |
-10.2 |
-5.4 |
-31.8 |
13.3 |
0 |
| Borgou |
-199.8 |
-84.4 |
-50.6 |
184.2 |
153.3 |
-1.9 |
-5.3 |
7.4 |
-2.9 |
0 |
| Collines |
-35.9 |
-56.8 |
192.5 |
-67.3 |
-10.0 |
4.1 |
12.7 |
-42.7 |
3.5 |
0 |
| Couffo |
-129.8 |
374.7 |
-52.7 |
-65.8 |
-36.1 |
-22.4 |
-14.0 |
-41.7 |
-12.2 |
0 |
| Donga |
-104.1 |
-44.5 |
-41.9 |
-23.2 |
7.4 |
-15.0 |
102.6 |
123.0 |
-4.2 |
0 |
| Littoral |
88.0 |
-44.2 |
19.9 |
-30.6 |
-32.2 |
-1.4 |
-10.8 |
-20.0 |
31.5 |
0 |
| Mono |
-49.6 |
181.2 |
-32.4 |
-41.5 |
-10.4 |
-11.5 |
-9.7 |
-24.8 |
-1.4 |
0 |
| Oueme |
265.4 |
-70.4 |
0.2 |
-91.8 |
-28.3 |
-9.2 |
-19.5 |
-51.2 |
4.9 |
0 |
| Plateau |
-55.8 |
-23.3 |
212.0 |
-51.0 |
-19.8 |
-9.3 |
-10.9 |
-32.3 |
-9.5 |
0 |
| Zou |
337.9 |
-51.9 |
-72.1 |
-75.3 |
-41.1 |
-25.6 |
-16.0 |
-47.8 |
-8.0 |
0 |
| Sum |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0 |
Chi2 par cellule
Chi_2 = (Nij-Nij)2 / Nij
| Alibori |
150.1 |
65.9 |
59.6 |
190.3 |
69.1 |
13.4 |
13.9 |
717.4 |
4.2 |
1283.8 |
| Atacora |
139.6 |
69.2 |
53.3 |
650.1 |
0.6 |
613.0 |
6.3 |
2.6 |
4.7 |
1539.3 |
| Atlantique |
160.5 |
20.3 |
13.5 |
36.5 |
15.1 |
3.0 |
1.4 |
15.8 |
9.5 |
275.6 |
| Borgou |
159.2 |
78.0 |
23.6 |
373.8 |
414.3 |
0.1 |
1.5 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
1051.8 |
| Collines |
6.9 |
47.6 |
460.0 |
67.3 |
2.4 |
0.7 |
11.2 |
42.7 |
1.0 |
639.8 |
| Couffo |
92.6 |
2119.2 |
35.3 |
65.8 |
31.7 |
22.4 |
14.0 |
41.7 |
12.2 |
2435.0 |
| Donga |
88.8 |
44.5 |
33.2 |
12.2 |
2.0 |
15.0 |
1118.1 |
539.5 |
2.2 |
1855.4 |
| Littoral |
33.5 |
23.2 |
4.0 |
11.2 |
19.9 |
0.1 |
6.6 |
7.6 |
63.6 |
169.7 |
| Mono |
19.6 |
717.4 |
19.3 |
37.8 |
3.8 |
8.5 |
9.7 |
21.4 |
0.2 |
837.7 |
| Oueme |
277.9 |
53.7 |
0.0 |
91.8 |
14.0 |
2.7 |
19.5 |
45.0 |
1.4 |
506.1 |
| Plateau |
22.1 |
10.6 |
736.8 |
51.0 |
12.4 |
5.0 |
10.9 |
32.3 |
9.5 |
890.6 |
| Zou |
548.5 |
35.5 |
57.7 |
75.3 |
35.8 |
25.6 |
16.0 |
47.8 |
4.6 |
846.9 |
| Sum |
1699.3 |
3284.9 |
1496.3 |
1663.1 |
621.0 |
709.6 |
1229.1 |
1514.7 |
113.6 |
12331.6 |
Contributions au chi2
% du chi_2 total du tableau (contribution)
| Alibori |
1.22 |
0.53 |
0.48 |
1.54 |
0.56 |
0.11 |
0.11 |
5.82 |
0.03 |
10.41 |
| Atacora |
1.13 |
0.56 |
0.43 |
5.27 |
0.00 |
4.97 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0.04 |
12.48 |
| Atlantique |
1.30 |
0.16 |
0.11 |
0.30 |
0.12 |
0.02 |
0.01 |
0.13 |
0.08 |
2.23 |
| Borgou |
1.29 |
0.63 |
0.19 |
3.03 |
3.36 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
8.53 |
| Collines |
0.06 |
0.39 |
3.73 |
0.55 |
0.02 |
0.01 |
0.09 |
0.35 |
0.01 |
5.19 |
| Couffo |
0.75 |
17.18 |
0.29 |
0.53 |
0.26 |
0.18 |
0.11 |
0.34 |
0.10 |
19.75 |
| Donga |
0.72 |
0.36 |
0.27 |
0.10 |
0.02 |
0.12 |
9.07 |
4.38 |
0.02 |
15.05 |
| Littoral |
0.27 |
0.19 |
0.03 |
0.09 |
0.16 |
0.00 |
0.05 |
0.06 |
0.52 |
1.38 |
| Mono |
0.16 |
5.82 |
0.16 |
0.31 |
0.03 |
0.07 |
0.08 |
0.17 |
0.00 |
6.79 |
| Oueme |
2.25 |
0.44 |
0.00 |
0.74 |
0.11 |
0.02 |
0.16 |
0.37 |
0.01 |
4.10 |
| Plateau |
0.18 |
0.09 |
5.97 |
0.41 |
0.10 |
0.04 |
0.09 |
0.26 |
0.08 |
7.22 |
| Zou |
4.45 |
0.29 |
0.47 |
0.61 |
0.29 |
0.21 |
0.13 |
0.39 |
0.04 |
6.87 |
| Sum |
13.78 |
26.64 |
12.13 |
13.49 |
5.04 |
5.75 |
9.97 |
12.28 |
0.92 |
100.00 |
CORRELATIONS
Corrélations entre les profils colonnes
Loading required package: ggplot2
Registered S3 method overwritten by 'GGally':
method from
+.gg ggplot2
Corrélations entre les profils lignes
Analyse Factorielle des Correspondances (AFC)
Elle est facile à réaliser à l’aide de la fonction CA() du packageFactomineR:
Valeurs propres
Tableau des valeurs propres
| dim 1 |
0.65 |
35.67 |
35.67 |
| dim 2 |
0.49 |
26.64 |
62.32 |
| dim 3 |
0.29 |
15.86 |
78.18 |
| dim 4 |
0.24 |
12.94 |
91.12 |
| dim 5 |
0.10 |
5.47 |
96.59 |
| dim 6 |
0.05 |
2.58 |
99.18 |
| dim 7 |
0.01 |
0.74 |
99.91 |
| dim 8 |
0.00 |
0.09 |
100.00 |
Relation des colonnes avec les facteurs
Relations entre colonnes et facteurs
| Fon |
-0.38 |
7.56 |
0.20 |
-0.63 |
28.81 |
0.56 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
| Adja |
-1.39 |
37.51 |
0.50 |
1.38 |
49.75 |
0.50 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
| Yoruba |
-0.24 |
1.37 |
0.04 |
-0.53 |
8.72 |
0.19 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
| Bariba |
1.11 |
23.81 |
0.63 |
0.47 |
5.69 |
0.11 |
-0.70 |
21.35 |
0.25 |
| Peul |
0.75 |
6.87 |
0.49 |
0.30 |
1.46 |
0.08 |
-0.12 |
0.38 |
0.01 |
| Ottamari |
0.66 |
2.85 |
0.18 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.00 |
-0.99 |
14.52 |
0.40 |
| Yoa |
0.92 |
3.50 |
0.13 |
0.25 |
0.34 |
0.01 |
2.08 |
40.18 |
0.64 |
| Dendi |
1.16 |
16.52 |
0.48 |
0.52 |
4.48 |
0.10 |
0.92 |
23.50 |
0.30 |
| Autres |
-0.05 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
-0.38 |
0.70 |
0.20 |
-0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Relation des lignes avec les facteurs
Relations entre lignes et facteurs
| Alibori |
1.22 |
17.50 |
0.60 |
0.57 |
5.12 |
0.13 |
0.21 |
1.14 |
0.02 |
| Atacora |
1.05 |
13.67 |
0.39 |
0.38 |
2.41 |
0.05 |
-1.02 |
29.26 |
0.37 |
| Atlantique |
-0.23 |
0.94 |
0.15 |
-0.42 |
4.39 |
0.52 |
0.04 |
0.08 |
0.01 |
| Borgou |
0.90 |
13.46 |
0.56 |
0.34 |
2.60 |
0.08 |
-0.40 |
5.88 |
0.11 |
| Collines |
-0.17 |
0.34 |
0.02 |
-0.57 |
5.29 |
0.27 |
0.12 |
0.38 |
0.01 |
| Couffo |
-1.50 |
26.86 |
0.49 |
1.55 |
38.08 |
0.51 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
| Donga |
1.12 |
10.10 |
0.24 |
0.44 |
2.09 |
0.04 |
1.87 |
63.17 |
0.67 |
| Littoral |
-0.13 |
0.26 |
0.07 |
-0.38 |
2.94 |
0.57 |
-0.04 |
0.04 |
0.00 |
| Mono |
-1.11 |
10.15 |
0.53 |
1.03 |
11.78 |
0.46 |
-0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
| Oueme |
-0.36 |
2.09 |
0.18 |
-0.69 |
10.62 |
0.69 |
-0.02 |
0.01 |
0.00 |
| Plateau |
-0.38 |
1.31 |
0.06 |
-0.55 |
3.75 |
0.14 |
-0.01 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
| Zou |
-0.49 |
3.33 |
0.17 |
-0.77 |
10.94 |
0.42 |
0.03 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
Classification Ascendante Hiérarchique (CAH)
On peut poursuivre l’analyse en réalisant une classificiation des départements ou des langues en fonction de leur ressemblance selon le critère de Ward.
Classification des colonnes



$`1`
Intern % glob % Intern freq Glob freq p.value v.test
Couffo 51.518692 7.741173 441 524 0.000000e+00 Inf
Mono 26.518692 5.347910 227 362 1.897953e-120 23.336315
Plateau 3.271028 5.997932 28 406 1.674452e-04 -3.763659
Atlantique 6.542056 11.833358 56 801 6.242010e-08 -5.411726
Littoral 4.672897 9.838972 40 666 5.606620e-09 -5.828087
Zou 2.803738 8.863939 24 600 8.057125e-14 -7.469384
Collines 1.285047 7.918452 11 536 1.097962e-19 -9.078782
Oueme 2.570093 10.799232 22 731 1.804648e-21 -9.515717
Donga 0.000000 5.200177 0 352 1.088329e-21 -9.568153
Alibori 0.000000 7.696853 0 521 2.386416e-32 -11.841329
Atacora 0.000000 8.080957 0 547 5.133099e-34 -12.159084
Borgou 0.817757 10.681046 7 723 1.136753e-34 -12.281637
$`2`
Intern % glob % Intern freq Glob freq p.value v.test
Oueme 13.518198 10.799232 702 731 1.391331e-51 15.110003
Zou 11.091854 8.863939 576 600 9.206876e-42 13.538972
Atacora 9.801656 8.080957 509 547 9.871176e-26 10.487396
Collines 9.589832 7.918452 498 536 1.011788e-24 10.265136
Plateau 7.279029 5.997932 378 406 3.092329e-19 8.965373
Borgou 12.266513 10.681046 637 723 4.526373e-16 8.123578
Atlantique 13.421914 11.833358 697 801 1.206317e-14 7.715370
Littoral 11.284421 9.838972 586 666 1.680238e-14 7.672997
Alibori 5.911804 7.696853 307 521 6.601262e-21 -9.379936
Mono 2.522627 5.347910 131 362 2.862359e-64 -16.926645
Donga 1.713846 5.200177 89 352 2.442009e-98 -21.046887
Couffo 1.598305 7.741173 83 524 7.052793e-212 -31.065469
$`3`
Intern % glob % Intern freq Glob freq p.value v.test
Donga 36.5277778 5.200177 263 352 9.861880e-196 29.846106
Alibori 29.7222222 7.696853 214 521 1.010316e-81 19.147764
Atacora 5.2777778 8.080957 38 547 2.856959e-03 -2.982724
Littoral 5.5555556 9.838972 40 666 1.845880e-05 -4.282761
Collines 3.7500000 7.918452 27 536 2.752571e-06 -4.688469
Atlantique 6.6666667 11.833358 48 801 1.799179e-06 -4.774764
Mono 0.5555556 5.347910 4 362 2.477427e-13 -7.320124
Plateau 0.0000000 5.997932 0 406 6.544192e-21 -9.380852
Couffo 0.0000000 7.741173 0 524 3.990442e-27 -10.786417
Oueme 0.9722222 10.799232 7 731 4.585268e-28 -10.983553
Zou 0.0000000 8.863939 0 600 3.402174e-31 -11.616388
attr(,"class")
[1] "descfreq" "list"
Classification des lignes



$`1`
Intern % glob % Intern freq Glob freq p.value v.test
Adja 75.3950339 12.645886 668 856 0.000000e+00 Inf
Autres 0.7900677 2.334170 7 158 4.390244e-04 -3.515441
Yoa 0.0000000 2.673955 0 181 1.297195e-11 -6.768951
Peul 2.5959368 7.844586 23 531 3.900167e-12 -6.940753
Ottamari 0.4514673 4.269464 4 289 3.693630e-13 -7.266338
Yoruba 5.4176072 15.024376 48 1017 2.986792e-21 -9.463193
Dendi 0.4514673 7.962771 4 539 2.578396e-28 -11.035422
Fon 14.4469526 34.687546 128 2348 4.968323e-47 -14.402808
Bariba 0.4514673 12.557246 4 850 1.007261e-48 -14.669743
$`2`
Intern % glob % Intern freq Glob freq p.value v.test
Fon 56.363636 34.687546 2108 2348 0.000000e+00 Inf
Yoruba 23.368984 15.024376 874 1017 2.524947e-112 22.522036
Autres 3.288770 2.334170 123 158 3.703079e-09 5.896938
Ottamari 2.887701 4.269464 108 289 6.530981e-10 -6.177051
Yoa 1.336898 2.673955 50 181 4.401428e-14 -7.548546
Peul 3.502674 7.844586 131 531 5.136219e-50 -14.870327
Dendi 1.925134 7.962771 72 539 1.706189e-98 -21.063878
Adja 4.839572 12.645886 181 856 3.880675e-105 -21.776442
Bariba 2.486631 12.557246 93 850 7.089988e-184 -28.918006
$`3`
Intern % glob % Intern freq Glob freq p.value v.test
Bariba 35.1376575 12.557246 753 850 9.958527e-305 37.31338
Dendi 21.6052263 7.962771 463 539 1.864008e-164 27.33006
Peul 17.5921605 7.844586 377 531 8.336139e-84 19.39603
Yoa 6.1129258 2.673955 131 181 1.013688e-29 11.32264
Ottamari 8.2594494 4.269464 177 289 7.297692e-26 10.51590
Autres 1.3065796 2.334170 28 158 9.517288e-05 -3.90258
Yoruba 4.4330378 15.024376 95 1017 2.780261e-73 -18.10751
Adja 0.3266449 12.645886 7 856 5.319159e-139 -25.09733
Fon 5.2263182 34.687546 112 2348 5.780234e-317 -38.06046
attr(,"class")
[1] "descfreq" "list"